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    <article class="post">
        <header>
            <h1 class="post-title">Flutter组件Switch</h1>
        </header>
        <date class="post-meta meta-date">
            2021年8月17日
        </date>
        
        <div class="post-meta">
            <span>|</span>
            
            <span class="meta-category"><a href='/categories/Flutter'>Flutter</a></span>
            
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        <div class="post-meta">
            <span id="busuanzi_container_page_pv">|<span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"></span><span>
                    阅读</span></span>
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        <div class="post-content">
            <h4 id="一-switch-组件使用详解">一、 Switch 组件使用详解</h4>
<p>可能有人会觉得 <code>Switch</code> 组件非常简单，有什么好说的呢？其实 <code>Switch</code> 组件源码洋洋洒洒 <code>近千行</code> ，其中关于<code>主题处理</code>、<code>平台适配</code>、<code>事件处理</code>、<code>动画处理</code>、<code>绘制处理</code> 都有值得我们学习的地方。那么废话不多说，来一起看看  <code>Switch</code>  是怎么炼成的吧。</p>
<h5 id="1-switch-最简使用value-与-onchanged">1. Switch 最简使用：<code>value</code> 与 <code>onChanged</code></h5>
<p><code>Switch</code> 组件的使用中注意：该组件是 <code>StatelessWidget</code> ，表示本身并不维护 <code>开关状态</code>。这也就意味着，我把只能通过 <code>重新构建 Switch组件</code>  来切换 <code>开关状态</code> 。在构建 <code>Switch</code> 时必须传入 <code>value</code> 和 <code>onChanged</code> 两个参数，其中 <code>value</code> 表示 <code>Switch</code> 开关的状态，<code>onChanged</code> 是状态变化回调函数。</p>
<p>如下，在 <code>_SwitchDemoState</code> 中定义状态 <code>_value</code> 用于表示 <code>Switch</code> 开关的状态，在 <code>_onChanged</code> 回调中改变状态值，并 <code>重新构建 Switch</code> 组件，这样就能达到<code>点击进行开关</code>的效果。</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">class</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">SwitchDemo</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">extends</span> StatefulWidget {
  <span style="color:#66d9ef">const</span> SwitchDemo({Key<span style="color:#f92672">?</span> key}) <span style="color:#f92672">:</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">super</span>(key: key);

  <span style="color:#960050;background-color:#1e0010">@</span>override
  _SwitchDemoState createState() <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> _SwitchDemoState();
}

<span style="color:#66d9ef">class</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">_SwitchDemoState</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">extends</span> State<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>SwitchDemo<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span> {
  <span style="color:#66d9ef">bool</span> _value <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">false</span>;

  <span style="color:#960050;background-color:#1e0010">@</span>override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">return</span> Switch(
      value: _value,
      onChanged: _onChanged,
    );
  }

  <span style="color:#66d9ef">void</span> _onChanged(<span style="color:#66d9ef">bool</span> value) {
    setState(() {
      _value <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> value;
    });
  }
}
  
</code></pre></div><p>其实这里可能很让人疑惑 <code>Switch</code> 为什么不自己维护  <code>开关状态</code>，要将改状态<code>交由外界指定</code>呢？既然 <code>Switch</code>  是 <code>StatelessWidget</code> ，为什么可以执行滑动的动画？还有 <code>onChanged</code> 方法又是何时触发的？带着这些问题我们来逐渐去认识这个属性而陌生的 <code>Switch</code> 组件。</p>
<hr>
<h5 id="2--switch-的四个主要颜色">2.  Switch 的四个主要颜色</h5>
<p>从 <code>Switch</code> 的构造方法中可以看出，其中定义了非常多的颜色相关属性。</p>
<p>先看前四个颜色属性：</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><code>inactiveThumbColor</code> 代表关闭时<code>圆圈</code>的颜色。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>inactiveTrackColor</code> 代表关闭时<code>滑槽</code>的颜色。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>activeColor</code> 代表打开时<code>圆圈</code>的颜色。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>inactiveTrackColor</code> 代表打开时<code>滑槽</code>的颜色。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">Switch(
  activeColor: Colors.blue,
  activeTrackColor: Colors.green,
  inactiveThumbColor: Colors.orange,
  inactiveTrackColor: Colors.pinkAccent,
  value: _value,
  onChanged: _onChanged,
);
  
</code></pre></div><hr>
<h5 id="3--hovercolor--mousecursor-和-splashradius">3.  hoverColor 、 mouseCursor 和 splashRadius</h5>
<p>前两个属性一般只能在桌面或web 端起作用，<code>hoverColor</code> 顾名思义是鼠标悬浮时，外层的大圈颜色，<code>splashRadius</code> 表示大圈的半径，如果不想要外圈的悬浮效果，可以将半径设为 0 。另外， <code>mouseCursor</code> 代表鼠标的样式，比如下面的小拳头是 <code>SystemMouseCursors.grabbing</code> 。</p>
<p>处。</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">Switch(
  activeColor: Colors.blue,
  activeTrackColor: Colors.green,
  inactiveThumbColor: Colors.orange,
  inactiveTrackColor: Colors.pinkAccent,
  hoverColor: Colors.blue.withOpacity(<span style="color:#ae81ff">0.2</span>),
  mouseCursor: SystemMouseCursors.grabbing,
  value: _value,
  onChanged: _onChanged,
);
  
</code></pre></div><p><code>mouseCursor</code> 属性的类型为 <code>MouseCursor</code> ，其中 <code>SystemMouseCursors</code> 中定义了非常多的鼠标指针类型以供使用。下面给出几个效果：</p>
<h5 id="-指定图片">. 指定图片</h5>
<p>通过 <code>activeThumbImage</code> 和 <code>inactiveThumbImage</code> 可以指定小圆中<code>开启/关闭</code> 时的图片。另外 <code>onActiveThumbImageError</code> 和 <code>onInactiveThumbImageError</code> 两个回调用于图片加载错误的监听。</p>
<p>当小圆同时指定 <code>图片</code>和 <code>颜色</code> 属性时，会显示  <code>图片</code> 。</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">Switch(
  activeColor: Colors.blue,
  activeThumbImage: AssetImage(<span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;assets/images/icon_head.png&#39;</span>),
  inactiveThumbImage: AssetImage(<span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;assets/images/icon_8.jpg&#39;</span>),
  activeTrackColor: Colors.green,
  inactiveThumbColor: Colors.orange,
  inactiveTrackColor: Colors.pinkAccent,
  hoverColor: Colors.blue.withOpacity(<span style="color:#ae81ff">0.2</span>),
  mouseCursor: SystemMouseCursors.move,
  splashRadius: <span style="color:#ae81ff">15</span>,
  value: _value,
  onChanged: _onChanged,
);
  
</code></pre></div><hr>
<h5 id="6主题相关属性-thumbcolor-和-trackcolor">6.主题相关属性: thumbColor 和 trackColor</h5>
<p>一些具有交互性的 <code>Material</code> 组件会通过有 <code>MaterialState</code> 枚举定义交互行为，有如下 <code>7</code> 个元素。</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">enum MaterialState {
  hovered,
  focused,
  pressed,
  dragged,
  selected,
  disabled,
  error,
}
  
</code></pre></div><p>可以看出这两个成员都是 <code>MaterialStateProperty</code> 类型，那这种类型的对象如何创建，又有什么特点呢？</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#f92672">----&gt;</span>[Switch <span style="color:#960050;background-color:#1e0010">成员声明</span>]<span style="color:#f92672">----</span>
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> MaterialStateProperty<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>Color<span style="color:#f92672">?&gt;?</span> thumbColor;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> MaterialStateProperty<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>Color<span style="color:#f92672">?&gt;?</span> trackColor;
  
</code></pre></div><hr>
<p>简单来说通过 <code>MaterialStateProperty.resolveWith</code> 方法，传入一个函数返回对应泛型数据。如下回调函数为 <code>getThumbColor</code> ，回调参数为 <code>Set&lt;MaterialState&gt;</code> 。也仅仅说，会根据 <code>MaterialState</code> 集合，来返回泛型数据。从 <code>thumbColor</code> 属性源码注释中可以看出，<code>Switch</code> 有如下四种 <code>MaterialState</code> 。</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/6e3dd7a967cf422898bf58801d67940f~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/6e3dd7a967cf422898bf58801d67940f~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp" />
        </a>
    </p>
<p>在 <code>getThumbColor</code> 中根据 <code>states</code> 的情况，分别对几种状态返回不同颜色，这样 <code>Switch</code> 在不同的状态下，就会自动使用对应颜色。比如下面的 <code>onChanged: null</code> 代表  <code>Switch</code>  不可用，在  <code>getThumbColor</code> 中当为 <code>disabled</code> ，会返回红色。</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/928d8be1ac8247a5bf022126fa9f260d~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/928d8be1ac8247a5bf022126fa9f260d~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp" />
        </a>
    </p>
<p><code>thumbColor</code> 代表小圆颜色，<code>trackColor</code> 代表<code>滑槽</code>颜色，使用方式是一样的。这里可能有人会问：有三个属性可以设置小圆，那它们同时存在，优先级怎么样？结果测试发现，<code>inactiveThumbImage</code> 会优先显示，优先级如下：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">inactiveThumbImage <span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span> thumbColor <span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span> inactiveThumbColor <span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span> <span style="color:#960050;background-color:#1e0010">默认</span> Switch <span style="color:#960050;background-color:#1e0010">主题</span>
  
</code></pre></div><hr>
<p>上面提到了 <code> 默认 Switch 主题</code> ，这里就来说一下 <code>SwitchTheme</code> ，它是一个 <code>InheritedWidget</code>，维护 <code>SwitchThemeData</code> 类型数据，具体内容如下：</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/70084d3043ac4474a97af091fd2eb24f~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/70084d3043ac4474a97af091fd2eb24f~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp" />
        </a>
    </p>
<p>我们可以通过在上层嵌套 <code>SwitchTheme</code> 来为子树中的 <code>Switch</code> 指定默认样式，由于 <code>MaterialApp</code> 内部继承了 <code>SwitchTheme </code>组件，我们可以在 <code>theme</code> 中指定  <code>Switch</code> 的主题样式。这样在指定  <code>Switch</code>  的相关颜色属性，就会使用默认的主题样式：</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/86b72bbb3ba645a2888ff60fab23bb84~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/86b72bbb3ba645a2888ff60fab23bb84~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp" />
        </a>
    </p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/5196b4a6b4484ed9a09fc0c0124a0a40~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/5196b4a6b4484ed9a09fc0c0124a0a40~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp" />
        </a>
    </p>
<hr>
<h5 id="7-switch-的焦点--focuscolor-与-autofocus">7. Switch 的焦点:  focusColor 与 autofocus</h5>
<p><code>Switch</code> 组件是拥有焦点的，焦点相关的处理被封装在组件内部。<code>focusColor</code> 表示聚焦时的颜色，可被聚焦的组件有个特点：在桌面或 web 平台中可以通过 <code>Tab</code> 键，切换焦点。如下是六个 <code>Switch</code> 通过 <code>Tab</code> 键切换焦点的效果：</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/60aa02de5daf44afa18f8854c301bb1b~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/60aa02de5daf44afa18f8854c301bb1b~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp" />
        </a>
    </p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#960050;background-color:#1e0010">@</span>override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
  <span style="color:#66d9ef">return</span>
    Wrap(
      children: List.generate(<span style="color:#ae81ff">6</span>, (index) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> Switch(
        value: _value,
        focusColor: Colors.blue.withOpacity(<span style="color:#ae81ff">0.1</span>),
        onChanged: _onChanged,
      ))
    );
}
  
</code></pre></div><hr>
<h5 id="8-switch-的尺寸相关-materialtaptargetsize">8. Switch 的尺寸相关: materialTapTargetSize</h5>
<p><code>MaterialTapTargetSize</code> 是一个枚举类型，有两个元素。该属性可以影响 <code>Switch</code> 的大小，如下分布是 <code>padded</code> 和 <code>shrinkWrap</code> 的效果。通过调试可知，默认是 <code>padded</code> 。下面在源码分析中会详细介绍该属性的作用。</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">enum MaterialTapTargetSize {
  padded,
  shrinkWrap,
}
  
</code></pre></div><p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/2b6e6dcc5f8d4b5fb3c2ed865923fb83~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/2b6e6dcc5f8d4b5fb3c2ed865923fb83~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp" />
        </a>
    </p>
<hr>
<h4 id="二-挖掘-switch-源码中的一些细节">二、 挖掘 Switch 源码中的一些细节</h4>
<h5 id="1-类型-_switchtype">1. 类型 <code>_SwitchType</code></h5>
<p><code>Switch</code> 类中有一个 <code>_SwitchType</code> 类型成员，该成员完全被封装在 <code>Switch</code> 内部，我们是无法直接操作的。 <code>_SwitchType</code> 是只有<code>两个元素</code>的枚举类。</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">enum _SwitchType { material, adaptive }

<span style="color:#f92672">----&gt;</span>[Switch <span style="color:#960050;background-color:#1e0010">成员声明</span>]<span style="color:#f92672">----</span>
<span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> _SwitchType _switchType;
  
</code></pre></div><p>既然是成员变量，必然会在类内部被初始化，一般来说对 <code>成员变量</code> 初始化的地方在 <code>构造方法</code> 中。如下，<code> Switch 的普通构造</code> 中，会将 <code>_switchType</code> 设为 <code>_SwitchType.material</code> 。</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/8dc1150849f248eb98f5a928c82517e1~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/8dc1150849f248eb98f5a928c82517e1~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp" />
        </a>
    </p>
<hr>
<p>一般来说，枚举对象就是为了分类处理，在 <code>Switch#build</code> 方法中，会根据 <code>_switchType</code> 的值进行不同的<code>构建逻辑</code>，如果是 <code>material</code> ，则所有的平台都使用<code>Material</code>风格的 <code>Switch</code> 。 如果是 <code>adaptive</code> 会根据平台的不同，使用不同的风格的 <code>Switch</code> 。在 <code>android</code>、 <code>fuchsia</code>、 <code>linux</code>、 <code>windows</code> 中会使用 <code>Material</code> 风格；在 <code>iOS</code> 和 <code>macOS</code> 中会使用 <code>Cupertino</code> 风格。</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/d9b3f31b7f814ed8bf930ddf93341de3~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/d9b3f31b7f814ed8bf930ddf93341de3~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp" />
        </a>
    </p>
<p>到这里，可能有人会问， <code>_SwitchType</code> 成员完全被封装在 <code>Switch</code> 内部，那如何设置 <code>adaptive</code> 类型呢？仔细查看源码可以看出 <code>Switch</code> 还有一个 <code>adaptive</code> 构造，此处会将  <code>_switchType</code> 设为 <code>_SwitchType.adaptive</code> 。</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/fcb2eae01b3d4ab29b32c56cd1c23f3f~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/fcb2eae01b3d4ab29b32c56cd1c23f3f~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp" />
        </a>
    </p>
<hr>
<h5 id="2-两种风格的-switch-构建">2. 两种风格的 Switch 构建</h5>
<p><code>_buildCupertinoSwitch</code> 是当模式为 <code>adaptive</code> 时，用于构建 <code>iOS</code> 和 <code>macOS</code> 平台 <code>Switch</code> 组件构建，可以看出其内部是通过 <code>CupertinoSwitch</code> 进行构建，效果如下：</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/85b17096d0324dd8a63c8b498ba09fd6~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/85b17096d0324dd8a63c8b498ba09fd6~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp" />
        </a>
    </p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/710fe459fa6b4a268f7dd7eafc1ec008~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/710fe459fa6b4a268f7dd7eafc1ec008~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp" />
        </a>
    </p>
<hr>
<p><code>_buildMaterialSwitch</code> 用于构建 <code>Material</code> 风格的 <code>Switch</code> 组件构建，可见其内部通过 <code>_MaterialSwitch</code> 组件进行构建。到这里我们就可以回答：既然 <code>Switch</code>  是 <code>StatelessWidget</code> ，为什么可以执行滑动的动画？因为 <code>_MaterialSwitch</code> 组件是 <code>StatefulWidget</code> ，它可以在内部改变组件状态。</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/69516cd90ee44eb6b9e91968a3c81eaa~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/69516cd90ee44eb6b9e91968a3c81eaa~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp" />
        </a>
    </p>
<hr>
<h5 id="3switch-尺寸的确定">3.Switch 尺寸的确定</h5>
<p>从上面可以看出，两种风格的 <code>Switch</code> 都是通过 <code>_getSwitchSize</code> 获取 <code>Size</code> 尺寸的。如下代码中，可以看出，尺寸是通过 <code>MaterialTapTargetSize</code> 对象控制的。如果未指定 <code>materialTapTargetSize</code> 则会通过主题获取，调试可以看出，主题中 <code>materialTapTargetSize</code> 默认是 <code>padded</code> 。</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">Size _getSwitchSize(ThemeData theme) {
  <span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> MaterialTapTargetSize effectiveMaterialTapTargetSize <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> materialTapTargetSize
    <span style="color:#f92672">??</span> theme.switchTheme.materialTapTargetSize
    <span style="color:#f92672">??</span> theme.materialTapTargetSize;
  <span style="color:#66d9ef">switch</span> (effectiveMaterialTapTargetSize) {
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">case</span> MaterialTapTargetSize.padded:
      <span style="color:#66d9ef">return</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">const</span> Size(_kSwitchWidth, _kSwitchHeight);
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">case</span> MaterialTapTargetSize.shrinkWrap:
      <span style="color:#66d9ef">return</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">const</span> Size(_kSwitchWidth, _kSwitchHeightCollapsed);
  }
}
  
</code></pre></div><p>下面分别是 <code>padded</code> 和 <code>shrinkWrap</code> 的调试信息，可以很清楚地看出尺寸情况。</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/aefc427f9cec4f6c9800f58670071776~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/aefc427f9cec4f6c9800f58670071776~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp" />
        </a>
    </p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/131bb2e26a8a469da9071a9d3b1ce76e~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/131bb2e26a8a469da9071a9d3b1ce76e~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp" />
        </a>
    </p>
<hr>
<p>到这里 <code>Switch</code> 组件的源码就已经面面俱到了，我们可以发现，它作为一个 <code>StatelessWidget</code> 并不能做太多的事，只是定义了很多属性，并通过别的组件进行构建。也就是说，它本身起到平台差异的统筹、封装的作用，目的就是方便用户使用。</p>
<hr>
<h5 id="4--onchanged-方法触发的时机">4.  onChanged 方法触发的时机</h5>
<p>通过调试可以发现，<code>onChanged 方法</code> 的触发是 <code>ToggleableStateMixin#_handleTap</code> 中触发的。如下是 <code>buildToggleable</code> 的源码，可以看出其中通过 <code>GestureDetector</code> 监听点击事件。</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/618c01a9edec414eab18b466af855385~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/618c01a9edec414eab18b466af855385~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp" />
        </a>
    </p>
<p>在 <code>_MaterialSwitchState.build</code> 方法中，可以看到其中通过 <code>GestureDetector</code> 监听了水平拖拽事件，这也是为什么 <code>Switch</code> 可以支持拖动的原因，同时 <code>child</code> 属性是 <code>buildToggleable</code> ，也就是上面的组件，支持点击事件。这是一个很好的多事件监听的案例。</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/b6233fa732ba4bf7bd7c04ca06b17bf3~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/b6233fa732ba4bf7bd7c04ca06b17bf3~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp" />
        </a>
    </p>
<hr>
<h5 id="5动画的创建与触发">5.动画的创建与触发</h5>
<p>仔细看一下滑动的过程，可以看出其中有 <code>位移动画</code> 和 <code>透明度渐变动画</code>。 首先来说一下动画的来源：</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/0d821f9722c545249f7d15f8d3566e02~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/0d821f9722c545249f7d15f8d3566e02~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp" />
        </a>
    </p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://luckly007.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20210803082702625.png">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://luckly007.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20210803082702625.png" />
        </a>
    </p>
<hr>
<p>这些动画器都定义在 <code>ToggleableStateMixin</code> 中。而 <code>_MaterialSwitchState</code> 混入了 <code>ToggleableStateMixin</code> 。</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/511a9c1f375441c4ab023d3521ef8bb2~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/511a9c1f375441c4ab023d3521ef8bb2~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp" />
        </a>
    </p>
<hr>
<p>和隐式动画一样， <code>_MaterialSwitchState</code>  中的动画触发也是通过重构组件，执行 <code>didUpdateWidget</code> 。如果你了解隐式动画，就不难理解 <code>Switch</code> 的动画触发机制。</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/cfceced55e2847af931066033561e942~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/cfceced55e2847af931066033561e942~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp" />
        </a>
    </p>
<p>最后，绘制是通过 <code>_SwitchPainter</code> 画出来的，这个画板是比较复杂的，这里就不展开了，有兴趣的可以自己研究一下。</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/81b97b0e4ffa488597e005ea158a7d4a~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/81b97b0e4ffa488597e005ea158a7d4a~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.awebp" />
        </a>
    </p>
<p><code>Switch 组件</code>的使用方式到这里就完全介绍完毕，那本文到这里就结束了，谢谢观看，明天见~</p>
<p>作者：张风捷特烈
链接：https://juejin.cn/post/6991998231458611231
来源：掘金
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。</p>

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        <li><strong>原文作者：</strong><a rel="author" href="https://luckly.work/">luckly</a></li>
        <li style="word-break:break-all"><strong>原文链接：</strong><a href="https://luckly.work/post/flutter_widget/flutter%E7%BB%84%E4%BB%B6Switch/">https://luckly.work/post/flutter_widget/flutter%E7%BB%84%E4%BB%B6Switch/</a></li>
        <li><strong>版权声明：</strong>本作品采用<a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/">知识共享署名-非商业性使用-禁止演绎 4.0 国际许可协议</a>进行许可，非商业转载请注明出处（作者，原文链接），商业转载请联系作者获得授权。</li>
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